Onaclearnight,themoonshinesbrightlyoverhead。Youmightthinkthatthemoongivesofflight, butitdoesnot。Lssurface。Sometimesthemoonlookslikealargeballsteadyinthesky。Othertimesitlookslikeatinysliver。Myths,orlegends,weremadeupbyearlypeopletoexplainwhythemoonchangesshape。TheearlypeopleofGreenlandthoughtthesungoddesswaschasingherbrother,themoongod,acrossthesky。GreenlandisanislandinNorthAmerica。Themoongodransomuchthatheforgottoeat,soasdayspassed,hebecamethinner。Finally,themoongodhadtostopandeat。Hegotbigger,andthechasebeganalloveragain。Todaypeopleunderstandwhytheshapeofthemoonchanges。Thechangesintheshapeofthemoonarecausedbythewaythemoonmovesinspace。Themoonmovesintwoways。Itrotates,orspinsaroundlikeatop。Ittakesthemoonabouttwentyninedaystorotateonce。Italsotravelsinapatharoundtheearthcalledanorbit。Thedifferentshapesofthemoonarecalledphases。Thisiswhatthephasesofthemoonlooklike: full waxinggibbous halfmoon waning waxing Thephasesofthemooninorderare: full, waninggibbous, halfmoon, crescent, newmoon, waxingcrescent, halfmoon, waxinggibbous, andfull。 gibbous crescent halfmoon new crescent Themoontakesabouttwentyninedaystoorbitaroundtheearth。Thesunalwayslightsuphalfofthemoon。Wedonotalwaysseethelituphalffromtheearth。Whenyouseeallthelituphalfofthemoon,themoonappearstobeafullcircle。Thisiscalledthefullmoon。Asthemoontravelsaroundtheearth,weseelessandlessofthelitpart。Thisiscalledthewaningmoon。Soonthelituppartofthemoondisappearsfromsight。Thisiscalledthenewmoon。Thenthemoonstartstolooklitupagain,andthelitpartthatyouseegetsbiggereachday。Thisiscalledthewaxingmoon。Ittakesabouttwentyninedaysforallthephases。Tsthesameamountoftimeittakesforthemoontomakeone triparoundtheearth。Startinginthe1950s,spacecraftweresenttostudythemoon。Thespacecraftorbitedthemoon。Inthisway,scientistslearnedmoreandmoreaboutthemoon。Then,onJuly20,1969,thefirstspacecraftcarryingastronautsfromtheearthactuallylandedonthemoon!Pssurfaceforthefirsttimeever。Itwasontelevision! Theastronautssentthepicturesofthemoonbacktotheearth。Theastronautsbroughtmoonrocksbacktotheearth。Fromtherocks,scientistshavelearnedalotaboutthemoon。Therockswereevidencethatscientistscouldstudytofindouthowthemoonmighthavebeenformed。Scientiststhinkthemoonmightoncehavebeenpartoftheearth。Theythinkalargeobjectfromspacehittheearthmillionsofyearsago。Thedustandashesfromtheearthwentintospaceandformedthemoon。Peoplehavelearnedalotaboutthemoonsinceearlytimes! 修改后: Onaclearnight,themoonshinesbrightlyoverhead。Youmightthinkthatthemoongivesofflight,butitdoesnot。Lssurface。Sometimesthemoonlookslikealargeballinthesky。Othertimesitlookslikeatinysliver。 Myths,orlegends,weremadeupbyearlypeopletoexplainwhythemoonchangesshape。TheearlypeopleofGreenlandwhichisanislandinNorthAmericathoughtthesungoddesswaschasingherbrother,themoongod,acrossthesky。Themoongodransomuchthatheforgottoeat,soasdayspassed,hebecamethinner。Finally,themoongodhadtostopandeat。Hegotbigger,andthechasebeganalloveragain。 Todaypeopleunderstandwhytheshapeofthemoonchanges。Thechangesintheshapeofthemoonarecausedbythewaythemoonmovesinspace。Themoonmovesintwoways。Itrotates,orspinsaroundlikeatop。Ittakesthemoonabouttwentyninedaystorotateonce。Italsotravelsinapatharoundtheearthcalledanorbit。Thedifferentshapesofthemoonarecalledphases。Thisiswhatthephasesofthemoonlooklike:full,waxinggibbous,halfmoon,waning,waxing。Thephasesofthemooninorderare:full,waninggibbous,halfmoon,crescent,newmoon,waxingcrescent,halfmoon,waxinggibbous,andfull。 Themoontakesabouttwentyninedaystoorbitaroundtheearth。Thesunalwayslightsuphalfofthemoon。Wedonotalwaysseethelituphalffromtheearth。Whenyouseeallthelituphalfofthemoon,themoonappearstobeafullcircle。Thisiscalledthefullmoon。Asthemoontravelsaroundtheearth,weseelessandlessofthelitpart。Thisiscalledthewaningmoon。Soonthelituppartofthemoondisappearsfromsight。Thisiscalledthenewmoon。Thenthemoonstartstolooklitupagain,andthelitpartthatyouseegetsbiggereachday。Thisiscalledthewaxingmoon。Ittakesabouttwentyninedaysforallthephases。Tsthesameamountoftimeittakesforthemoontomakeonetriparoundtheearth。 Startinginthe1950s,spacecraftweresenttostudythemoon。Thespacecraftorbitedthemoon。Inthisway,scientistslearnedmoreandmoreaboutthemoon。Then,onJuly20,1969,thefirstspacecraftcarryingastronautsfromtheearthactuallylandedonthemoon!Pssurfaceforthefirsttimeever。Itwasontelevision! Theastronautssentthepicturesofthemoonbacktotheearth。Theastronautsbroughtmoonrocksbacktotheearth。Fromtherocks,scientistshavelearnedalotaboutthemoon。Therockswereevidencethatscientistscouldstudytofindouthowthemoonmighthavebeenformed。Scientiststhinkthemoonmightoncehavebeenpartoftheearth。Theythinkalargeobjectfromspacehittheearthmillionsofyearsago。Thedustandashesfromtheearthwentintospaceandformedthemoon。Peoplehavelearnedalotaboutthemoonsinceearlytimes! 初一:程锦升